Thursday, April 13, 2006

New Atomic Theory

New Atomic Theory

Copyrighted 1971 - 2005 D.Ertle

When people consider the physical world about themselves it is normal to visualize matter as existing no deeper than a layer of paint or a coating of chrome. Our world, for the most part, is a “what you see is what you get” kind of a thing. But the “micro-world” does not have an existence according to appearance at all, such as there is no entity as actual color, it is frequency change our eyes determine when we wistfully look at a shiny new car. Then at the other end of creation, the “macro-world,” there exists the seemingly endless expanse of huge stars traveling through space at near the speed of light, but to us they appear stationary. The actual stars are not where they seem to be at all, and neither is our own sun. But of all physical concepts, small or large, I think the one most interesting is the realization that there exists no such thing as solid matter. I suppose this is because matter is so personal, in that we are all composed of it.

In this appendix I would like to consider the proton to electron arrangement of an atom and how they relate, also why the atom is not to be considered as being formed of solid matter. For those who have looked into the atomic theory they know all atomic particles have a wave value associated with them. Furthermore, matter completely unraveled comes apart as high frequency electromagnetic radiation. We consider matter as being solid because we use it to make a real house, car, clothes etc., and not least of importance, we ourselves are made up of these same tiny fields of force. The information mankind has gathered through the centuries has become a strong argument for most people that solid matter resides within little bits of matter called atoms. But let’s take a look at why our present atomic theory, formed through the ages, may be incorrect.

Strange as it may seem, all matter has an internal velocity within it in form of standing electromagnetic waves. This wave of velocity forces all matter to have an identical time value when at rest and change proportionate to time and distance when physically moved. Once again, we see that our physical world does not actually exist as it appears, for what person looking at an apparent stable mass would think that it was moving internally at the speed of light and was itself formed of electromagnetic energy? Matter, as also all forms of energy, has an inherent time existence, forcing all “mass” within our universe to exist in present time apart from either the past or future. Was matter not to have a physical time duration and limitation inherent within as a basis of its existence basic equations concerning mass and energy would have no meaning, for physical real time might be any number of arbitrary time values.

The foundational reason for physical existence to us as we consider an individual atom is the proton’s existence and arrangement, along with the presence of its sometime sleuthy partner the neutron. The reason for our particular interest in the proton is the ever present shadowing electron moving about within it, for it is the action of the electron that forms our chemical world and is the basis for the entire field of chemistry. The proton is formed of electron multiples, or multiples of their masses. There are 1836 electrons, or their equivalent individual masses, forming each proton. When a proton is formed, a field of line force extends outward from its center point for a distance of one angstrom. One angstrom is equal to 10 x -10 meter in length. At the one angstrom distance about the core point of a proton the frequency of an electron and the extended lines of the proton are identical, so not only is there no resistance to the electron’s movement, but there is a great affinity between the two at these node points through which the electron passes as it moves about within the “mass” of the atom. Were the electron to move closer to the core point of the proton, where the standing node density did not match that of the electrons, the electron would be repelled forcefully away by both its own frequency as well as that of the protons. Were the electron to move further away from the core point position it held in the one-angstrom sub shell, then the frequencies once again would not match and the electron would be forced back to its former position.

There are four possible separate sub shells an electron may go to once the K, L, M, and N shells are all in existence in the heavier elements. The four sub shells, s, p, d, and f together form each separate shell, just as it takes nuts and bolts to make an automobile (there are seven possible shells about large atoms, lettered K through Q). The reason for the sub shells existence is that the electron has four different spin states, and each electron spin state exists within a different node zone of the protons standing wave. All electrons are not exactly the same even though they are all electrons of the same mass. To visualize the four different states of spin an electron may have, picture a single drop of water falling through the air. If that shape were amplified in size until it were six inches in length and held in a position so the tail of it pointed upward, it could represent a single electron. By marking its present upright position with a dot, then moving the tail point two times, one-eighth of an inch at a time to the left, and marking each position with a dot, the first three spin states of the electron would be proportionately known. By moving the point to the upright position again, then moving it one-quarter inch to the right and marking that position, the last of the four electron spin states would be represented.

When a person considers matter as compared to that of waves of energy there seems to be little relationship between the two, but there is. Here, again, we find that E=mc2 firms up the argument toward lines of force extending outward from the core point of an atom are exactly the same as if they were mass extending outward. We just don't think of mass and energy as being the same entity, but they are. For every multiple proton, plus neutron, added to the nucleus of an atom, beyond hydrogen, one 1836 part node(s) is extended to accommodate one more electron in an outer sub shell.

It can be seen from this position why there are weaker and stronger forces existing within an atom. The completed electron shells of an atom have a natural resistance to other atoms also having a completed shell. The further one atom is forced into the electron shell configuration of another, the greater the resistance between the two becomes. It is for this reason that electrons and protons are accelerated to the speed they are in linear accelerators. This great acceleration must take place in order that one atom becomes part of another or for an atom to become segmented. Electrons existing in their sub shells as they do also helps to explain why chemical bonding takes place as it does. It is because the outer sub shell electrons have the frequency room necessary for like matching electrons, with their matching nodes, that they are held together. For a node will accept a matching node whether joining from inside or outside the shell. In essence, not only do the electrons join in an outer shell, but the nucleus of the atom joins the bonding process at the node point as well. Because inner shells are filled first, and offer resistance to any other electron intrusion, one atom can only move a certain distance into another. If this were not true, an outer shell of one atom might bond with an inner shell of another, bringing the center points so close they merge and unravel into electromagnetic energy.

The greatest bonding in an atom to atom arrangement is when one atom is forced into the inner shell space of another once mutual resistance of the separate electron shells has been overcome. This would occur when two atoms collide at a high rate of speed and merge into one space. All the sub shell electrons are then forced to share their room with other frequencies vying to use the same space within the newly formed atom. This is especially true of the “s” or lowest (innermost) sub shell, which sub shell is existent in all seven shells. It is obvious that some electrons must leave the inner sub shells of a newly designed atom, which they do in form of electromagnetic energy, the form of energy composing them. But, notice that when two atoms are forced into the same area of frequency, and two core points of two separate atoms are joined to form one new core point of an atom, that the “mass” of one atom is not added to the “mass” of another in form of protons and neutrons. We conceive of mass as being existent only in a particular spatial area, but mass extending outward from an atom core point as lines of energy is the same as if it were compacted in the nucleus of a conventional atom. An analogy to this may be found in the concept of a solid mass converting directly into a gas. Dry ice is a solid mass at -100 f. but it directly converts into a gas above that temperature, and being a gas is no longer visible to an observer as having any particular existence at all. Yet it exists with the same reality as when a solid mass. In a newly formed atom its unseeable “mass” of merged node frequencies forms a new atomic entity which allows only a specific number of electrons to attach them to it, thus forming a new element. Atoms being converted from one element to another do not gain or lose a greater central mass, they gain and lose shells, or parts of shells composed of layered nodes about which electrons move from node to node at right angles to the core point. Electrons moving within a sub shell occupy a certain amount of space in a specific amount of time during their existence - their speed from node to node being equal to the frequency of the nodes within that sub shell. An electron cannot change shell to shell or sub shell to sub shell apart from increasing or decreasing its speed to match the sub shell frequency it becomes part of. This frequency shift apparently being controlled by the neutron in heavier atoms. When their frequency level is less than what is necessary to complete a resistance level in a shell, other electrons may enter that sub shell until the electron frequency is complete. There are no divisible parts within an atom where one may say, “Here is a proton, here a neutron,” for they do not exist in a central nucleus, and they do not exist apart by themselves within an atom.

When one atom is smashed into by another, or when a neutron is forced into the inner space of an atom at great speed, the frequency of the atom changes for an instant at that location and during that time the electron sub shells no longer have an exact matching frequency in the nodes, and so may be forced away as a separate unit of mass-energy. It appears that when this happens the electron shells that are forced apart from the center point of the parent atom collapse upon themselves, instantly forming a new atom. This would be expected when the protons, in form of energy, along with the electron shells, are already united in the same space. It is interesting that there exists between the electron shells discrete gaps for this purpose. These gaps are filled with lines of force equal to that of the needed proton mass to hold the above number of electrons in their shell.

When a new atom is formed from two separate ones, such as when two hydrogen atoms form a helium atom, or when a large uranium atom separates into separate atoms of barium and krypton, plus scattered radiation, the new elements must form completely new electron shells. The manner in which this is done is by frequency matching. When a frequency of energy, as electromagnetic energy, or subatomic particles, approach the inner space of a nucleus and there is an open space in a sub shell node, the forthcoming energy has its frequency matched by the sub shell below to that of the space above, and once matched it is forced upward into the proper electron sub shell.

There have been those who wondered if God had a choice in the manner of how our world was put together or not. The reason for this question may not be as antagonistic toward God as one might expect. Rather, because mankind is able to see a progression of order within the physical world, which order excludes everything but a correct response, he wonders about this. Sort of why mathematics work when trying to solve physical problems. Everything fits exactly in place and there can only be one way for things to work. It is not that God did not have a choice when He instantly formed our physical universe as He did, rather it is an evidence of His own unlimited power and knowledge of all things and how they work together. He knew the end result of creating our physical world of electromagnetic energy the way He did, and it seems just like His Wisdom to make complexity from a single entity. Our world is an honor to God but it is only a passing world that has no real duration of by itself. The only “real” existent world is the spiritual one where time fits into the reality of eternity and does not change.

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